Motivational Interviewing: Ein Literaturüberblick

Clients with substance use disorders are often ambivalent about engaging in addictive behaviour versus resisting it. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a directive and client-centered counselling style developed by Miller and Rollnick (1991) to elicit behaviour change by exploring and resolving ambivalence. Miller and Rollnick (1991) describe five principles of MI: (1) Express empathy, (2) Develop discrepancy, (3) Avoid argumentation, (4) Roll with resistance and (5) Support self-efficacy. These principles are based on the results of cognitive and social psychology. Since the late eighties several motivational treatment approaches were developed and evaluated mainly in the English-speaking countries (the Drinker's Checkup, Motivational Enhancement Therapy, the harm reduction program BASICS, Brief Motivational Interviewing, Brief Negotiation and a number of less standardized brief interventions). The results of previous studies suggest that especially standardized motivational interventions for problem drinkers are successful in reducing alcohol consumption and alcohol- related harm, respectively. Treatment outcome may be enhanced by research on the hypothesized mechanisms of action, process evaluation of implementation and evidenced-based training of practitioners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)